Add BCE temporal tags to all documents; add temporal-dating steering doc

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daniel
2026-02-22 23:38:12 +00:00
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# Ashoka
## Overview
Ashoka (~304232 BCE), also known as Ashoka the Great, was the third Maurya emperor who, after the bloody conquest of Kalinga, converted to Buddhism and promoted non-violence through rock and pillar edicts across the Indian subcontinent. His name means "without sorrow" in Sanskrit. In his edicts he styled himself *Devanampiya Piyadassi* ("Beloved of the Gods, gracious of mien"). [^3]
Ashoka (~304232 BCE), also known as Ashoka the Great, was the third Maurya emperor who, after the bloody conquest of Kalinga, converted to Buddhism and promoted non-violence through rock and pillar edicts across the Indian subcontinent. His name means "without sorrow" in Sanskrit. In his edicts he styled himself *Devanampiya Piyadassi* ("Beloved of the Gods, gracious of mien"). @t[304 BCE..232 BCE] [^3]
## Key Facts
- Born: ~304 BCE, Pataliputra
- Died: ~232 BCE
- Reign: ~268232 BCE
- Born: ~304 BCE, Pataliputra @t[~304 BCE]
- Died: ~232 BCE @t[~232 BCE]
- Reign: ~268232 BCE @t[268 BCE..232 BCE]
- Dynasty: Maurya
- Religion: Buddhism (after Kalinga War)
- Father: Bindusara (r. ~297273 BCE)
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@ Ashoka (~304232 BCE), also known as Ashoka the Great, was the third Maurya em
- Governed using the *Arthashastra* (political treatise attributed to Chanakya, Chandragupta's prime minister) as his administrative framework [^3]
## The Kalinga War
- Conquered Kalinga (~262 BCE) with devastating casualties (~100,000 killed, 150,000 deported per his own edicts)
- Conquered Kalinga (~262 BCE) with devastating casualties (~100,000 killed, 150,000 deported per his own edicts) @t[~262 BCE]
- The carnage prompted his conversion to Buddhism [^1]
- His 13th Major Rock Edict records his remorse over the campaign
## Ashoka's Edicts
- 33 inscriptions total on pillars, boulders, and cave walls across the empire [^3]
- Written in Prakrit, Greek, and Aramaic; the Kandahar Bilingual Rock Inscription (~260 BCE) is carved in both Greek and Aramaic at Chehel Zina, Afghanistan [^2]
- Written in Prakrit, Greek, and Aramaic; the Kandahar Bilingual Rock Inscription (~260 BCE) is carved in both Greek and Aramaic at Chehel Zina, Afghanistan @t[~260 BCE] [^2]
- Promoted *dhamma* (dharma): Non-violence, religious tolerance, welfare of subjects
- Established hospitals for humans and animals
- Sent Buddhist missionaries to Sri Lanka, Central Asia, and the Hellenistic world [^2]