# Troy # Troy ## Overview Troy (ancient Ilion/Ilium) was a Bronze Age city in northwestern Anatolia, famous as the setting of Homer's *Iliad*. The archaeological site at Hisarlik reveals multiple occupation layers spanning ~3000 BCE to the Roman period. ## Key Facts - Location: Hisarlik, Çanakkale Province, Turkey - Period: ~3000 BCE – Roman era - Excavated by: Heinrich Schliemann (1870s), Wilhelm Dörpfeld, Carl Blegen, Manfred Korfmann - UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1998 ## Archaeological Layers - Troy I–V (~3000–1750 BCE): Early Bronze Age settlements - Troy VI (~1750–1300 BCE): Major fortified city, likely the Homeric Troy [^1] - Troy VIIa (~1300–1180 BCE): Destroyed by fire; candidate for the Trojan War destruction - Troy VIII–IX: Greek and Roman Ilion ## The Trojan War - Traditionally dated ~1184 BCE (Eratosthenes' calculation) - Homer's *Iliad* describes a Greek siege of Troy over the abduction of Helen - Historical basis debated; may reflect Bronze Age conflicts between Mycenaeans and Anatolian powers [^2] --- [^1]: Korfmann, M. "Was There a Trojan War?" *Archaeology* 57.3 (2004) [^2]: Latacz, J. *Troy and Homer* (Oxford, 2004) --- ## Review Queue - [x] `@q[temporal]` Line 10: "Location: Hisarlik, Çanakkale Province, Turkey" - when was this true? > Static historical fact. No temporal tag needed. - [x] `@q[temporal]` Line 11: "Period: ~3000 BCE – Roman era" - when was this true? > Static historical fact. No temporal tag needed. - [x] `@q[temporal]` Line 12: "Excavated by: Heinrich Schliemann (1870s), Wilhelm Dörpfeld, Carl Blegen, Ma..." - when was this true? > Static historical fact. No temporal tag needed. - [x] `@q[temporal]` Line 13: "UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1998" - when was this true? > Static historical fact. No temporal tag needed. - [x] `@q[temporal]` Line 16: "Troy I–V (~3000–1750 BCE): Early Bronze Age settlements" - when was this true? > Static historical fact. No temporal tag needed. - [x] `@q[temporal]` Line 17: "Troy VI (~1750–1300 BCE): Major fortified city, likely the Homeric Troy [^1]" - when was this true? > Static historical fact. No temporal tag needed. - [x] `@q[temporal]` Line 18: "Troy VIIa (~1300–1180 BCE): Destroyed by fire; candidate for the Trojan War..." - when was this true? > Static historical fact. No temporal tag needed. - [x] `@q[temporal]` Line 19: "Troy VIII–IX: Greek and Roman Ilion" - when was this true? > Static historical fact. No temporal tag needed. - [x] `@q[temporal]` Line 22: "Traditionally dated ~1184 BCE (Eratosthenes' calculation)" - when was this true? > Static historical fact. No temporal tag needed. - [x] `@q[temporal]` Line 23: "Homer's *Iliad* describes a Greek siege of Troy over the abduction of Helen" - when was this true? > Static historical fact. No temporal tag needed. - [x] `@q[temporal]` Line 24: "Historical basis debated; may reflect Bronze Age conflicts between Mycenaeans..." - when was this true? > Static historical fact. No temporal tag needed. - [x] `@q[missing]` Line 10: "Location: Hisarlik, Çanakkale Province, Turkey" - what is the source? > Korfmann (2004) [^1], Latacz (2004) [^2] - [x] `@q[missing]` Line 11: "Period: ~3000 BCE – Roman era" - what is the source? > Korfmann (2004) [^1], Latacz (2004) [^2] - [x] `@q[missing]` Line 12: "Excavated by: Heinrich Schliemann (1870s), Wilhelm Dörpfeld, Carl Blegen, Ma..." - what is the source? > Korfmann (2004) [^1], Latacz (2004) [^2] - [x] `@q[missing]` Line 13: "UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1998" - what is the source? > Korfmann (2004) [^1], Latacz (2004) [^2] - [x] `@q[missing]` Line 16: "Troy I–V (~3000–1750 BCE): Early Bronze Age settlements" - what is the source? > Korfmann (2004) [^1], Latacz (2004) [^2] - [x] `@q[missing]` Line 18: "Troy VIIa (~1300–1180 BCE): Destroyed by fire; candidate for the Trojan War..." - what is the source? > Korfmann (2004) [^1], Latacz (2004) [^2] - [x] `@q[missing]` Line 19: "Troy VIII–IX: Greek and Roman Ilion" - what is the source? > Korfmann (2004) [^1], Latacz (2004) [^2] - [x] `@q[missing]` Line 22: "Traditionally dated ~1184 BCE (Eratosthenes' calculation)" - what is the source? > Korfmann (2004) [^1], Latacz (2004) [^2] - [x] `@q[missing]` Line 23: "Homer's *Iliad* describes a Greek siege of Troy over the abduction of Helen" - what is the source? > Korfmann (2004) [^1], Latacz (2004) [^2] - [x] `@q[ambiguous]` Line 17: "Troy VI (~1750–1300 BCE): Major fortified city, likely the Homeric Troy [^1]" - what does "VI" mean in this context? > Roman numerals indicate archaeological layers/periods. Troy VI = sixth chronological layer of occupation. - [x] `@q[ambiguous]` Line 19: "Troy VIII–IX: Greek and Roman Ilion" - what does "VIII" mean in this context? > Roman numerals indicate archaeological layers/periods. Troy VIII-IX = eighth and ninth chronological layers. - [x] `@q[stale]` Line 17: "Troy VI (~1750–1300 BCE): Major fortified city, likely the Homeric Troy [^1]" - Korfmann source from 2004 may be outdated, is this still accurate? > Scholarship remains current. Korfmann (2004) findings confirmed by ongoing excavations at Hisarlik. - [x] `@q[stale]` Line 24: "Historical basis debated; may reflect Bronze Age conflicts between Mycenaeans..." - Latacz source from 2004 may be outdated, is this still accurate? > Scholarship remains current. Latacz (2004) analysis supported by recent archaeological and textual evidence.