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# Pericles

# Pericles

## Overview
Pericles (~495–429 BCE) was an Athenian statesman and general who led Athens during its Golden Age, championing democracy, arts, and the construction of the Parthenon.

## Key Facts
- Born: ~495 BCE, Athens
- Died: 429 BCE, Athens (plague)
- Role: Strategos (general), elected repeatedly ~443–429 BCE
- Political alignment: Democratic faction

## Achievements
- Expanded Athenian democracy: Introduced pay for jury service, opening participation to poorer citizens [^1]
- Commissioned the Parthenon and other Acropolis buildings (~447–432 BCE)
- Led the Delian League, transforming it into an Athenian empire
- Funeral Oration (431 BCE): Celebrated Athenian democracy and values [^2]

## Peloponnesian War
- His defensive strategy against Sparta (retreating behind the Long Walls) led to overcrowding
- Plague of Athens (430–426 BCE) killed ~25% of the population, including Pericles himself in 429 BCE

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[^1]: Plutarch, *Life of Pericles*
[^2]: Thucydides, *History of the Peloponnesian War* 2.35–46
---

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