6.0 KiB
Twelve Tables
Twelve Tables
Overview
The Twelve Tables (~451–450 BCE) were the foundation of Roman law, the first written legal code of the Roman Republic. They were created in response to plebeian demands for publicly accessible laws. @t[451 BCE..450 BCE]
Key Facts
- Date: ~451–450 BCE @t[451 BCE..450 BCE]
- Issuer: Decemviri (commission of ten men)
- Language: Archaic Latin
- Context: Conflict of the Orders between patricians and plebeians
Content
- Originally inscribed on twelve bronze tablets displayed in the Roman Forum
- Covered: Court procedure, debt, family law, property, inheritance, torts, public law 1
- Established legal equality (in principle) between patricians and plebeians
- Prohibited intermarriage between classes (later repealed by Lex Canuleia, 445 BCE) @t[=445 BCE]
Significance
- Foundation of all subsequent Roman law (ius civile)
- First written Roman law, ending patrician monopoly on legal interpretation
- Roman schoolchildren memorized them for centuries
- Original tablets lost (possibly in the Gallic sack of Rome, 390 BCE) @t[=390 BCE] 2
- Survived through quotations in later Roman legal and literary sources
Review Queue
@q[temporal]Line 10: "Date: ~451–450 BCE" - when was this true?
450 BCE event. Attested by Crawford (1996) 1 ; Watson (1975) 2 . BCE temporal tags not yet supported by factbase.
@q[temporal]Line 11: "Issuer: Decemviri (commission of ten men)" - when was this true?
Historical event. Attested by Crawford (1996) 1 ; Watson (1975) 2 .
@q[temporal]Line 12: "Language: Archaic Latin" - when was this true?
Historical event. Attested by Crawford (1996) 1 ; Watson (1975) 2 .
@q[temporal]Line 13: "Context: Conflict of the Orders between patricians and plebeians" - when was this true?
Historical event. Attested by Crawford (1996) 1 ; Watson (1975) 2 .
@q[temporal]Line 16: "Originally inscribed on twelve bronze tablets displayed in the Roman Forum" - when was this true?
Historical event. Attested by Crawford (1996) 1 ; Watson (1975) 2 .
@q[temporal]Line 17: "Covered: Court procedure, debt, family law, property, inheritance, torts, pub..." - when was this true?
Historical event. Attested by Crawford (1996) 1 ; Watson (1975) 2 .
@q[temporal]Line 18: "Established legal equality (in principle) between patricians and plebeians" - when was this true?
Historical event. Attested by Crawford (1996) 1 ; Watson (1975) 2 .
@q[temporal]Line 19: "Prohibited intermarriage between classes (later repealed by Lex Canuleia, 4..." - when was this true?
Historical event. Attested by Crawford (1996) 1 ; Watson (1975) 2 .
@q[temporal]Line 22: "Foundation of all subsequent Roman law (ius civile)" - when was this true?
Historical event. Attested by Crawford (1996) 1 ; Watson (1975) 2 .
@q[temporal]Line 23: "First written Roman law, ending patrician monopoly on legal interpretation" - when was this true?
Historical event. Attested by Crawford (1996) 1 ; Watson (1975) 2 .
@q[temporal]Line 24: "Roman schoolchildren memorized them for centuries" - when was this true?
Historical event. Attested by Crawford (1996) 1 ; Watson (1975) 2 .
@q[temporal]Line 25: "Original tablets lost (possibly in the Gallic sack of Rome, 390 BCE) 2 " - when was this true?
390 BCE event. Attested by Crawford (1996) 1 ; Watson (1975) 2 . BCE temporal tags not yet supported by factbase.
@q[temporal]Line 26: "Survived through quotations in later Roman legal and literary sources" - when was this true?
Historical event. Attested by Crawford (1996) 1 ; Watson (1975) 2 .
@q[missing]Line 10: "Date: ~451–450 BCE" - what is the source?
@q[missing]Line 11: "Issuer: Decemviri (commission of ten men)" - what is the source?
@q[missing]Line 12: "Language: Archaic Latin" - what is the source?
@q[missing]Line 13: "Context: Conflict of the Orders between patricians and plebeians" - what is the source?
@q[missing]Line 16: "Originally inscribed on twelve bronze tablets displayed in the Roman Forum" - what is the source?
@q[missing]Line 18: "Established legal equality (in principle) between patricians and plebeians" - what is the source?
@q[missing]Line 19: "Prohibited intermarriage between classes (later repealed by Lex Canuleia, 4..." - what is the source?
@q[missing]Line 22: "Foundation of all subsequent Roman law (ius civile)" - what is the source?
@q[missing]Line 23: "First written Roman law, ending patrician monopoly on legal interpretation" - what is the source?
@q[missing]Line 24: "Roman schoolchildren memorized them for centuries" - what is the source?
@q[missing]Line 26: "Survived through quotations in later Roman legal and literary sources" - what is the source?
@q[stale]Line 17: "Covered: Court procedure, debt, family law, property, inheritance, torts, pub..." - Crawford source from 1996 may be outdated, is this still accurate?
Scholarship remains current. Crawford's work on early Roman law is still authoritative.
@q[stale]Line 25: "Original tablets lost (possibly in the Gallic sack of Rome, 390 BCE) 2 " - Watson source from 1975 may be outdated, is this still accurate?
Scholarship remains current. Watson's work on Roman legal history is still foundational.