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Fix deep scan: log output even on failure, capture exit code for debugging

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2026-02-23 12:30:19 +00:00
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civilizations/minoan-civilization.md
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The Minoan civilization (~3000–1450 BCE) on Crete was the first advanced civilization in Europe, known for elaborate palace complexes, vibrant frescoes, and the undeciphered Linear A script. @t[~3000 BCE..~1450 BCE]
## Key Facts
- Region: Crete and Aegean islands @t[~3000 BCE..~1450 BCE]
- Period: ~3000–1450 BCE @t[~3000 BCE..~1450 BCE]
- Major sites: Knossos, Phaistos, Malia, Zakros @t[~3000 BCE..~1450 BCE]
- Writing: Cretan hieroglyphs, Linear A (undeciphered); succeeded by Linear B (Mycenaean, deciphered 1952)
- Named by: Arthur Evans, after the mythical King Minos [^1]
- Region: Crete and Aegean islands @t[~3000 BCE..~1450 BCE] <!-- reviewed:2026-02-23 -->
- Period: ~3000–1450 BCE @t[~3000 BCE..~1450 BCE] <!-- reviewed:2026-02-23 -->
- Major sites: Knossos, Phaistos, Malia, Zakros @t[~3000 BCE..~1450 BCE] <!-- reviewed:2026-02-23 -->
- Writing: Cretan hieroglyphs, Linear A (undeciphered); succeeded by Linear B (Mycenaean, deciphered 1952) <!-- reviewed:2026-02-23 -->
- Named by: Arthur Evans, after the mythical King Minos [^1] <!-- reviewed:2026-02-23 -->
## Palace Periods
Scholars divide Minoan history into four phases based on palace construction [^3]:
- **Prepalatial** (~3000–1900 BCE): Early settlements; no palace centers yet @t[~3000 BCE..~1900 BCE]
- **Prepalatial** (~3000–1900 BCE): Early settlements; no palace centers yet @t[~3000 BCE..~1900 BCE] <!-- reviewed:2026-02-23 -->
- **Protopalatial (Old Palace)** (~1900–1700 BCE): First palace complexes built at Knossos, Phaistos, and Malia @t[~1900 BCE..~1700 BCE]
- **Neopalatial (New Palace)** (~1700–1450 BCE): Peak of Minoan power; palaces rebuilt after earthquake destruction @t[~1700 BCE..~1450 BCE]
- **Postpalatial** (~1450–1100 BCE): Mycenaean domination; hybrid Minoan-Mycenaean culture persists @t[~1450 BCE..~1100 BCE]
## Achievements
- Palace complexes at Knossos (up to 1,300 rooms) [^1]
- Advanced plumbing and drainage systems [^1]
- Vibrant fresco art depicting nature, rituals, and bull-leaping [^1]
- Extensive maritime trade network reaching Egypt, the Levant, the Cyclades, and Anatolia [^2] [^3]
- Minoan colony at Akrotiri on Thera (Santorini), preserved under volcanic ash [^3]
- Palace complexes at Knossos (up to 1,300 rooms) [^1] <!-- reviewed:2026-02-23 -->
- Advanced plumbing and drainage systems [^1] <!-- reviewed:2026-02-23 -->
- Vibrant fresco art depicting nature, rituals, and bull-leaping [^1] <!-- reviewed:2026-02-23 -->
- Extensive maritime trade network reaching Egypt, the Levant, the Cyclades, and Anatolia [^2] [^3] <!-- reviewed:2026-02-23 -->
- Minoan colony at Akrotiri on Thera (Santorini), preserved under volcanic ash [^3] <!-- reviewed:2026-02-23 -->
## Religion
Minoan religion centered on a goddess figure associated with nature, snakes, and fertility, worshipped in palace shrines and open-air peak sanctuaries. Bull-leaping depicted in frescoes likely carried ritual significance. Unlike later Greek religion, the Minoans had no freestanding temples; worship occurred within palace complexes and natural settings. [^1] [^3]
@@ -40,4 +40,83 @@ The Minoan civilization declined after ~1450 BCE, possibly due to the Thera erup
[^1]: Evans, A. *The Palace of Minos at Knossos* (1921–1935)
[^2]: Driessen, J. & Macdonald, C. *The Troubled Island* (1997)
[^3]: Cartwright, M. "Minoan Civilization." *World History Encyclopedia* (2012). https://www.worldhistory.org/Minoan_Civilization/
[^4]: Ventris, M. & Chadwick, J. *Documents in Mycenaean Greek* (1956)
[^4]: Ventris, M. & Chadwick, J. *Documents in Mycenaean Greek* (1956)---
## Review Queue
<!-- factbase:review -->
- [ ] `@q[temporal]` Line 17: Malformed temporal tag @t[~-1900..~-1700] — see docs for valid syntax
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- [ ] `@q[temporal]` Line 18: Malformed temporal tag @t[~-1700..~-1450] — see docs for valid syntax
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- [ ] `@q[temporal]` Line 19: Malformed temporal tag @t[~-1450..~-1100] — see docs for valid syntax
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- [ ] `@q[temporal]` Line 32: Malformed temporal tag @t[~-2100..~-1700] — see docs for valid syntax
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- [ ] `@q[temporal]` Line 33: Malformed temporal tag @t[~-1800..~-1450] — see docs for valid syntax
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- [ ] `@q[temporal]` Line 34: Malformed temporal tag @t[~-1450..~-1200] — see docs for valid syntax
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- [ ] `@q[temporal]` Line 37: Malformed temporal tag @t[..~-1450] — see docs for valid syntax
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- [ ] `@q[temporal]` Line 37: Malformed temporal tag @t[~-1450..~-1100] — see docs for valid syntax
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- [ ] `@q[missing]` Line 8: "Region: Crete and Aegean islands @t[~3000 BCE..~1450 BCE]" - what is the source?
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- [ ] `@q[missing]` Line 9: "Period: ~3000–1450 BCE @t[~3000 BCE..~1450 BCE]" - what is the source?
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- [ ] `@q[missing]` Line 10: "Major sites: Knossos, Phaistos, Malia, Zakros @t[~3000 BCE..~1450 BCE]" - what is the source?
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- [ ] `@q[missing]` Line 11: "Writing: Cretan hieroglyphs, Linear A (undeciphered); succeeded by Linear B (..." - what is the source?
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- [ ] `@q[missing]` Line 16: "**Prepalatial** (~3000–1900 BCE): Early settlements; no palace centers yet ..." - what is the source?
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- [ ] `@q[missing]` Line 17: "**Protopalatial (Old Palace)** (~1900–1700 BCE): First palace complexes bui..." - what is the source?
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- [ ] `@q[missing]` Line 18: "**Neopalatial (New Palace)** (~1700–1450 BCE): Peak of Minoan power; palace..." - what is the source?
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- [ ] `@q[missing]` Line 19: "**Postpalatial** (~1450–1100 BCE): Mycenaean domination; hybrid Minoan-Myce..." - what is the source?
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- [ ] `@q[missing]` Line 32: "**Cretan hieroglyphs** (~2100–1700 BCE): Earliest Minoan script, used on se..." - what is the source?
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- [ ] `@q[missing]` Line 33: "**Linear A** (~1800–1450 BCE): Administrative script used across Minoan sit..." - what is the source?
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- [ ] `@q[stale]` Line 12: "Named by: Arthur Evans, after the mythical King Minos [^1]" - Evans source from 1921 may be outdated, is this still accurate?
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- [ ] `@q[stale]` Line 22: "Palace complexes at Knossos (up to 1,300 rooms) [^1]" - Evans source from 1921 may be outdated, is this still accurate?
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- [ ] `@q[stale]` Line 23: "Advanced plumbing and drainage systems [^1]" - Evans source from 1921 may be outdated, is this still accurate?
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- [ ] `@q[stale]` Line 24: "Vibrant fresco art depicting nature, rituals, and bull-leaping [^1]" - Evans source from 1921 may be outdated, is this still accurate?
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- [ ] `@q[stale]` Line 25: "Extensive maritime trade network reaching Egypt, the Levant, the Cyclades, an..." - Driessen source from 1997 may be outdated, is this still accurate?
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- [ ] `@q[stale]` Line 26: "Minoan colony at Akrotiri on Thera (Santorini), preserved under volcanic ash ..." - Cartwright source from 2012 may be outdated, is this still accurate?
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- [ ] `@q[stale]` Line 34: "**Linear B** (~1450–1200 BCE): Adapted by Mycenaeans from Linear A; deciphe..." - Ventris source from 1956 may be outdated, is this still accurate?
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